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Passive optical network (PON) is between the OLT and ONU which is the optical distribution network (ODN), there are no active electronic devices, it included APON ATM passive optical network based on passive optical networks and IP E/GPON.
Specific principles APON business development was implemented in stages, initially mainly VP green business. Relatively ordinary green business, APON the VP line business equipment, low cost, small size, power saving, reliable system stability, and performance-price ratio have a certain advantage.
Second-step implementation group and second group of circuit emulation service connect to provide intranet and enterprise telephony and data services.
Third step implementing Ethernet interface provid Internet access services and VLAN services.
Gradually extended to other business in the future, a truly full service access network system.
PON business of transparency is better, in principle it can be applied to any standard rate and signal.
In particular, an ATM passive optical network (APON) through the use of centralized and statistical multiplexing for ATM, which is combined with passive tap share effects on optical fiber and optical line terminal, it is expected to be higher than the cost of traditional circuit-switched based low-20% PDH/SDH access system.
APON cell is based on transmission system, allowing multiple users to share the entire access network bandwidth. This method of statistical multiplexing, more efficient use of network resources.
APON the possibility of a large number of applications is an important factor of price. Current actual APON first generation products in limited supply capacity, costs are too high, due to the setback of the worldwide ATM market prospects and uncertain, but its technological advantage is obvious. Especially considering operation and maintenance costs in new areas, highly competitive areas or regions of the need replace the old copper cabling system, installation of PON system at this time, both FTTC, or FTTB is a visionary choice. Whether performance improved in the coming years to a level acceptable to the market APON technology is the key to survival and development.
IPPON of the upper level is IP, which can make fuller use of network resources, easy to implement system dynamic allocation of bandwidth, simplify the complex middle-tier devices. Based on PON OAN does not need to be installed in the external active electronic devices expensive, therefore allowing service providers makes it cost-effective to provide business users with the required bandwidth. The present situation Access network is a user access/metro network backbone network of bridges, which is an information delivery channels "last mile".
The past few years, it has undergone enormous changes in the core parts of the network, neither Exchange, nor the transmission upgrades, and access networks because of economic problems, such as the user's business requirements, user density, users of slow development of economic sustainability, and many other reasons, become a constraint to the broadband network, development of full service bottlenecks. As China's rapid economic development, high bandwidth consumption business gradually is emerging, bandwidth speed to be urgent needs.
In order to meet the needs of users, new technologies are emerging, access network technology which has become the equipment manufacturers, operators and telecommunications research sector focus and investment hot spot. Trend My current mainstream cable access technologies include ADSL, LAN, HFC, PLC and FTTH, part of which LAN PON+LAN in the way, and the wireless access technologies and WLAN, WiMAX, WiFi, Bluetooth, 3G technology.
Broadband access network currently has two main goals, the first is to provide high-speed, secure, intelligent direction, require more flexible, user-oriented network more and lower cost, FTTH is wired access areas for this outstanding representative. Other on business integration, flexible on the same platform providing IPTV, CATV video, traditional voice and data service access.
In a variety of broadband access technologies, passive optical network, with its large capacity, long transmission distance, advantages, such as lower cost, full service support a hot technology Is now gradually TDM-PON main business passive optical network (APON, the Republic EPON, GPON) and WDM-PON, their common characteristic is Good scalability, low cost, removed the active device in the access network, in order to avoid electromagnetic interference and lightning effects, reducing lines and external device failure rates, reduce the appropriate operation and maintenance costs; Better business transparency, and high bandwidth can be applied to any standard rate and signal, more economic support analog broadcast TV services to support triple-play (Triple play, voice, video, data) operations; The high reliability, QoS guarantee provides different business priorities, adapting to the broadband access market development trends of IP, suitable for large-scale applications.
PON core composition As in Figure 1,PON (passive optical networks) in most major three parts is included in Board side of the OLT (Optical Line Terminal, optical line terminal), Terminal ONU (Optical Network Unit, optical network units), as well as ODN (Optical Distribution Network, optical distribution network).
PON "no source" refers to the ODN all by optical splitter (optical Splitters) composed of passive components such as, do not contain any electronic devices and power supplies.
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